Since organic produce typically costs more than conventional produce and is strictly regulated, it must be super earth-friendly, right? Definitely, say proponents of organic food. Not necessarily, others say. Let’s take a look at what both sides say about organic agriculture’s impact on our water, land and air.
Proponents note that organic production’s restrictions on the use of synthetic chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides reduces water contamination, as those chemicals can otherwise end up in our rain and groundwater. This might also save the lives of birds and other wildlife who accidentally consume the chemicals. (Incidentally, some proponents of organic agriculture believe growing food without synthetic pesticides and fertilizers can improve our health as well, although the effects of such chemicals on humans are largely unknown.)
Advocates also say organic farming is friendly to our air. The elimination of synthetic chemicals means that pesticide residues aren’t released into the atmosphere. And a study conducted by The Rodale Institute found that organic agricultural methods help the soil capture atmospheric carbon dioxide. This might reduce greenhouse gases.
In addition, supporters say that organic farming helps replenish the land, as crop rotation, cover crops and other techniques can increase soil fertility and balance microorganisms. These techniques also help reduce erosion, so it’s easier to maintain topsoil levels.
But on the flip side, some people believe that organic agriculture’s treatment of the soil leads to weed infestations and long-term fertility problems. Critics also say that organic agriculture requires more land to produce the same amount of food, as crop yield is typically less than in conventional agriculture. And some say that transporting organic food is just as harmful to the air as transporting conventionally raised food, since organic food may travel many miles before it reaches the supermarket.
